Repair following treatment of circumferential periodontal defects in dogs with collagen and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier membranes
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of two collagen membranes with different degrees of cross-linking providing two distinctly different rates of resorption, and to compare these bioresorbable barriers to a nonresorbable ePTFE membrane in a dog model. The results in this study were evaluated both clinically and histologically.
Six beagle dogs were used in the study. Buccal and lingual mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated around the mandibular premolar teeth; the first premolars were extracted. The alveolar bone was horizontally and circumferentially reduced at the remaining three premolars to a level 4 mm apical to the CEJ. Exposed roots were notched at the level of the reduced alveolar crest. Three different membranes were used, which included a bovine collagen having a short resorptive interval, a bovine collagen having a longer (> 3-4 months) resorptive interval, and a commercially available ePTFE membrane. Clinical attachment-level measurements from the CEJ at the mid-buccal and mid- lingual aspect of each tooth root were obtained one week prior to sacrifice. Histological preparations were made six months postoperatively.
Both ePTFE membranes and the slow-resorbing collagen membranes gradually became exposed over time (two weeks).The rapid-resorbing collagen membranes remained covered. The results of the probing attachment-level measurements showed that the slow-resorbing collagen group loss of probing attachment was > 3 mm in 100% of the surfaces measured. The rapid-resorbing collagen, however, showed only 23% of the surfaces having > 3 mm loss of attachment. Sixty percent of the ePTFE group showed > 3 mm loss of attachment. Healing patterns for the ePTFE and rapid-resorbing collagen were similar. Histometrics for these two groups showed approximately 2 mm of connective tissue repair occurred for the ePTFE group and 3 mm for the rapid-resorbing collagen. The slow-absorbing collagen was not analyzed. Ankylosis occurred more with the rapid-resorbing collagen (44%).
The present study provides histological evidence that the two membrane systems seem to be comparable with respect to their ability to stimulate periodontal repair. [D.S.S.]
Crigger, M., G. Bogle, S. Garrett, and G. Gantes. J Periodont, 67:403, 1996