Olson, R.H.; Adams, D.F.; Layman, D.L.: Inhibitory Efect of Perodontally Diseased Root Extracts on the Growth of Human Gingival Fibroblasts. J. Periodontal, 57 (10): 592, 1985.

This study was carried out to establish a strain of cultured fibroblasts derived form healthy human gingiva, and to study the effects of citric acid or phenol-water extracts of cementum shavings form periodontally diseased roots on the growth of these cells.Cementum shavings obtained form 100 teeth were extracted with either pyrogen-free water (PFW), citric acid (CA )or phenol-PFW. The phenol- water or CA extracts of cementum shavings of periodontally diseased teeth were positive for endotoxin by the limulus lysate assay (LLA). PFW extracts of diseased or phenol-water extracts of nondiseased cementum shavings were negative fo endotoxin.PFW extracts of diseased (endotoxin negative) and phenol-water extracts of nondiseased cementum shaving did not effect human gingival fibroblasts (HGF)growth. The CA and phenol-water extracts of diseased cementum (endotoxin positive) significantly suppressed HGF approx 60%. These results indicate that CA is effective in removing cytotoxic substances, form cementum shavings and suggest that CA treatment is effective clinically in detoxifying periodontally diseased root surfaces.

Study aim:

• To quantify cemental resorption changes found in 15 human cadavers with a total of 261 teeth sectioned. Resorbtion lines measured (junctional lines between the dentin and enamel where no new cementum formed) and reversal lines - line junction between the unresorbed area of the root and the newly formed cementum in a resorpton area.

Findings:

• 90% of the 261 teeth examined had resorption to some degree and 9% showed no resorbtion or repair.
• The older dentitions had a greater chance for resorbtion- perhaps due to slowing down of repair process' with age?
• Mesial and distal areas had more resorption- perhaps via mesial drift?
• 85% of resorbtion areas had at least begun repair process' and a large majority almost complete resorption- therefore all resorptions incurred will be repaired once the cause of active resorption ceases and provided that the connective tissue had not been permanently detached from the area.
• Pathology does not cause resorption ie. periodontitis, but tramatic changes does coorelate to resorption.
• Cells, fibers, incremental lines and resorpton areas in cementum serves as history of the functional activeity of the tooth and blood vessels found in cementum do not branch and they do not appear to nurish the cementum but remain in cementum due to rapid formation of the cementum.

Note that Solheim,T. in 1990, showed that cementum in deceased humans as having a tendency for less cementum to occur

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